Hokkaido Symbolism and Meaning
Introduction
The Hokkaido, Japan’s northernmost main island, is home to the hardy Hokkaido dog breed. These dogs are known for their strength, loyalty, and ability to withstand cold weather. The Hokkaido dog holds much symbolic meaning for the Ainu people indigenous to Hokkaido as well as for the greater Japanese culture.
The Hokkaido Dog Breed
The Hokkaido dog originated from the Matagi dog used by the Ainu for bear-hunting. Over time, the Hokkaido breed emerged as a medium-sized dog with a thick double coat perfect for enduring frigid winters.
Physical Traits
- Muscular build
- Wedge-shaped head
- Small, triangular ears
- Thick double coat in multiple colors
- Long, feathered tail
The Hokkaido is known for its physical endurance and strength. They continue to be excellent hunting dogs and also make loyal family companions.
Ainu Bear-Hunting Tradition
For the indigenous Ainu people, the Hokkaido dog played an integral role in the ritual bear hunt known as “Iomante”. Iomante served both as a means of obtaining food and fur as well as cementing social bonds.
The Ainu people worshipped bears and viewed them as deities. The bear ceremony gave thanks to the bear’s spirit after its death. The successful completion of the Iomante hunt required courage from the hunters as well as assistance from the Hokkaido dogs.
“The achievements of bear hunting formed the foundation of masculine identity among the Ainu.”
The loyal Hokkaido dogs tracked the bears and cornered them against trees for the hunters to make the kill. The Ainu revered these dogs for their bravery and believed they contained spiritual power.
Modern Symbolism
Today, the Hokkaido dog breed retains much of its symbolic spirit from Ainu mythology. The dogs represent:
- Loyalty
- Strength
- Bravery
- Resilience
- Man’s partnership with nature
The Hokkaido dog mirrors the determined spirit of the people of Hokkaido. Its ability to thrive in tough winter conditions parallels the perseverance required of Hokkaido’s settlers.
The Hokkaido breed features prominently as the star of the annual Sapporo Snow Festival. The dogs pull sleds transporting shrine priestesses during ceremonies. Carvings and monuments of the Hokkaido dog also dot the Snow Festival landscape.
Conclusion
Through the Ainu bear-hunting tradition and well into present times, the Hokkaido dog retains deep symbolic meaning for Hokkaido’s people. The dogs represent unity with nature, divine blessing, and the toughness inherent to Hokkaido. The Hokkaido breed’s beauty, strength, and spirit continue to be treasured as part of Hokkaido’s rich cultural heritage.
